| Hab99 Code | Habitat Name | Habitat Description | GAP Map Key |
| 1 | Montane Mesic Conifer | This class consists of coniferous forests in the Appalachian Mountains typically found in high elevation, flat areas. Typical dominant trees are Pinus strobus, Tsuga canadensis, and Pinus virginiana Picea rubens and Abies fraseri are may be found at the highest altitudes (> 5,000 feet). | 1 |
| 2 | Montane Yellow Pine | This class consists of predominantly coniferous forests found on steeper slopes, dry areas, and in plantations. The dominant species is Pinus virginiana, other associates include Pinus pungens, Pinus strobus, and Pinus rigida. | 2 |
| 3 | Red Spruce/Fraser Fir | There a few remaining high-elevation spruce/fir forests in Virginia. They are for the most part restricted to high mountains such as Mt. Rogers and Beartown Mountain. Picea rubens and Abies fraseri are found both in pure stands and mixed with each other. | 3 |
| 4 | Submontane Yellow Pine | This class is dominated by both naturally occurring and planted Pinus taeda. In some parts of the Piedmont, Pinus virginiana and Pinus echinata also occur in both mixed and pure stands. Pinus palustris occurs in very small, isolated patches but was not mapped at this scale. | 4 |
| 5 | Submontane Oak Dominated | This class is dominated by Quercus alba, Quercus rubra, Quercus velutina, and Quercus falcata. Other oaks present include Quercus prinus and Quercus coccinea in the higher Piedmont with an increasing presence of Quercus stellata, Quercus palustris and Quercus michauxii in the Coastal Plain. Other common canopy associates include Carya spp. (ovata, cordiformis, glabra), Liriodendron tulipifera, Acer rubrum, and Liquidambar styraciflua. | 5 |
| 7 | Montane Oak Dominated | This class is dominated by Quercus prinus, Quercus alba, Quercus rubra, and Quercus velutina. On drier sites, Quercus coccinea and Q. prinus dominate with Q. alba and Q. rubra becoming more prevalent in concave landforms. Common canopy associates include Carya spp. (ovata, cordiformis, glabra), Liriodendron tulipifera, and Acer sacchrum in the Southeast and higher elevations. | 7 |
| 8 | Montane Dry Oak Dominated | This class is dominated by Q. prinus and Q. coccinea and is found in near pure stands on upper ridge mountain slopes with a Southerly aspect. | 8 |
| 9 | Mixed Central Hardwoods | This class is extremely variable with no clear dominance at the stand level. Species composition and dominance is often dictated by micro-conditions at the site. The canopy usually contains some Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, velutina, prinus, stellata, falcata) but is often joined by other species such as Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya spp. (ovata, cordiformis, glabra), Acer saccharum, Acer rubrum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, Nyssa sylvatica, Betula spp. (alleghaniensis, lenta, nigra), Magnolia spp. (acuminata, fraseri), and Fagus grandifolia. | 9 |
| 11 | Riparian Forest | This class is comprised of forest-water edge. Common species are Platanus occidentalis, Betula nigra, Salix spp., Populus deltoides and Liriodendron tulipifera depending on the geographic region of Virginia. Other species are often present. |
11 |
| 13 | Tupelo/Red Maple Wet Forest | This class is dominated by Nyssa sylvatica (aquatica), Acer rubrum, and Liquidambar styraciflua. Other associates include Fraxinus spp.and Platanus occidentalis. | 13 |
| 18 | Red Cedar Woodland | Juniperus virginiana is found throughout Virginia where old fields and livestock pastures have been abandoned and allowed to regenerate. These stands may be very dense or may contain other canopy trees in small numbers (commonly Pinus virginiana). | 18 |
| 20 | Piedmont/Coastal Plain Forest Complex | Pinus taeda and P. taeda-Hardwood make up ~ 45% of the class with Quercus spp ~ 20% and other hardwoods comprising ~ 35% of the canopy. | 100 |
| 21 | Piedmont/Coastal Plain Forest Complex | Pinus taeda and P. taeda-Hardwood make up ~ 45% of the class with Quercus spp ~ 20% and other hardwoods comprising ~ 35% of the canopy. | 101 |
| 22 | Piedmont/Coastal Plain Forest Complex | Pinus taeda types still comprise over 40% of the overall forest composition. Deciduous forests are dominated by Mixed Central Hardwood and Quercus types at ~ 30%. The remainder of the forests are dominated by more hydrophilic species (Liquidambar styraciflua, Nyssa spp., etc.). | 102 |
| 23 | Piedmont/Coastal Plain Forest Complex | Coniferous and Mixed forests occupy nearly 50% of the forests. Pinus taeda is still frequent, but is joined by Pinus virginiana. The hydric forest types such as Magnolia virginiana-Nyssa sylvatica-Acer rubrum begin to decline while Quercus spp.-Liriodendron tulipifera increases in composition. | 103 |
| 24 | Piedmont/Coastal Plain Forest Complex | Coniferous and Mixed forests occupy nearly 50% of the forests. Pinus taeda is still frequent, but is joined by Pinus virginiana. The hydric forest types such as Magnolia virginiana-Nyssa sylvatica-Acer rubrum begin to decline while Quercus spp.-Liriodendron tulipifera increases in composition. | 104 |
| 25 | Piedmont/Coastal Plain Forest Complex | In these regions of Virginia, the abundance of Pinus taeda decreases while Quercus spp. and other members of Mixed Central Hardwood begin to comprise the clear majority of the forests. Pinus virginiana and Pinus taeda still comprise about 25% of the forests. | 105 |
| 26 | Piedmont/Coastal Plain Forest Complex | Throughout the higher elevations of Virginia, Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, prinus) clearly dominate the forest. Q. prinus continues to increase in class composition in the higher elevations. Riparian species such as Platanus occidentalis are still found along major perennial streams, and Liriodendron tulipifera is increasingly restricted to concave landforms as RPI class increases. The diversity of overstory hardwoods also increases (note the increase in percent composition of Mixed Central Hardwoods) to include Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia. | 106 |
| 27 | Dry Deciduous Forest | This class identifies areas where specific types could not be identified. This type is found on steep, South-facing slopes and convex areas. Although this class is variable, it tends to be dominated by Montane Oak and Dry Montane Oak types with some Mixed Central Hardwood. Acer saccharum-Fagus grandifolia-Betula alleghaniensis is more abundant in higher elevations. Some Liriodendron tulipifera may be found in the high Piedmont areas or on post-disturbance sites. | 111 |
| 28 | Mesic Deciduous Forest | This class contains the same major forest members as does the Montane Dry Deciduous Forest Complex, except that the Montane Dry Oak type is greatly reduced, with Mixed Central Hardwoods (Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus velutina, Quercus rubra, Acer saccharum) replacing it. This sites are found on the more concave landforms on slighter slopes and more Northerly aspects. | 112 |
| 29 | Dry Deciduous Forest | This class identifies areas where specific types could not be identified. This type is found on steep, South-facing slopes and convex areas. Although this class is variable, it tends to be dominated by Montane Oak and Dry Montane Oak types with some Mixed Central Hardwood. Acer saccharum-Fagus grandifolia-Betula alleghaniensis is more abundant in higher elevations. Some Liriodendron tulipifera may be found in the high Piedmont areas or on post-disturbance sites. | 113 |
| 30 | Mixed Herbaceous | This type contains a spectral mix of non-forested, herbaceous classes. It represents old fields, high grass-forb-sedge communities, and agricultural mix (crop rotation, both row and field). | 30 |
| 31 | Sparse Herbaceous/Row Crop | This class is mostly row crops of corn, soybean, tobacco, and cotton. This class also contains areas with sparse herbaceous vegetation on bare ground common in disturbed grass areas. | 31 |
| 36 | High Herbaceous/Field Crop | This class contains mostly field crops such as wheat and hay. Some natural field regeneration and low pasture may also be present. | 36 |
| 38 | Pasture/Low Herbaceous | This class contains low grass/disturbed vegetation with complete or near-complete coverage. Often animals are actively grazing these areas. | 38 |
| 40 | Open Water | Open water of all kinds is represented. This includes large streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, and off-shore areas of Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. | 40 |
| 50 | Non-Vegetated (mines, barren, etc.) | This class represents non-vegetated areas such as beaches, quarries, and mines. It also contains some light development. | 50 |
| 51 | High Intensity Developed | This class is comprised of high-density urbanization, roads, commercial areas, and impenetrable surfaces. Mostly associated with cities and major roadways. | 51 |
| 52 | Residential/Low Intensity Developed | This class results from the mix of residential structures and the managed lands surrounding them (often including trees, mowed areas, and gardens). | 52 |
| 53 | High Intensity Developed | This class is comprised of high-density urbanization, roads, commercial areas, and impenetrable surfaces. Mostly associated with cities and major roadways. | 53 |
| 56 | Recent Clear Cut | Areas which have been recently (typically within 5 years of image acquisition) disturbed through timber harvests. These areas may contain some young forest or planted conifer (usually P. taeda), as well as skid trails and log deck areas. This class is often found with the Submontane Yellow Pine class. | 56 |
| 60 | Herbaceous Wetland | Areas that are, for some period of time during the year, affected by standing water. This class includes open, shrub, and forested wetlands in salt, brackish, and fresh water systems. | 60 |
| 61 | Herbaceous Wetland | This class depicts areas that contain wetland non-woody vegetation. Typha spp., Phragmites spp., and Spartina spp. frequently dominate, depending on localized conditions. | 61 |
| 62 | Herbaceous Wetland | This class depicts areas that contain wetland non-woody vegetation. Typha spp., Phragmites spp., and Spartina spp. frequently dominate, depending on localized conditions. | 62 |
| 63 | Coastal Wet Shrub | Areas with shrub cover on coastal areas. Typically species include Myrica pensylvanica, Myrica cerifera, and Baccharis halimifolia. | 63 |
| 64 | Forested Wetland | This class represents a variety of deciduous and coniferous forests that occur on wetlands as indicated by the National Wetlands Inventory (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). This type is found primarily in the Eastern part of Virginia. Typical overstory species are likely to be Nyssa spp. (sylvatica, aquatica), Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, and Pinus taeda. Other possible species include Populus deltoides, Liriodendron tulipifera, Betula nigra, and Platanus occidentalis. | 64 |
| 80 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Mesic and hydric forest types comprise ~ 45% of the class with Quercus spp. and other hardwoods comprising ~ 40% of the canopy. | 210 |
| 81 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Mesic and hydric forest types comprise ~ 45% of the class with Quercus spp. and other hardwoods comprising ~ 40% of the canopy. | 211 |
| 82 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Mesic and hydric forest types begin to wane in overall forest composition. Liquidambar styraciflua-Liriodendron tulipifera comprises ~ 23% of the forest while Mixed Central Hardwood and Quercus dominated types are the major type at ~ 60%. The Quercus spp. (alba, rubra)-Carya spp. type reaches its highest relative composition at 34% of all deciduous forests. | 212 |
| 83 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | The hydric forest types such as Magnolia virginiana-Nyssa sylvatica-Acer rubrum begin to decline while Quercus spp.-Liriodendron tulipifera increases in composition. | 213 |
| 84 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | The hydric forest types such as Magnolia virginiana-Nyssa sylvatica-Acer rubrum begin to decline while Quercus spp.-Liriodendron tulipifera increases in composition. | 214 |
| 85 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | In these regions of Virginia, the abundance of Liquidambar styraciflua-Liriodendron tulipifera decreases while Quercus prinus begins to increase. Quercus spp. and other members of Mixed Central Hardwood begin to comprise the clear majority of the forests. | 215 |
| 86 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Throughout the higher elevations of Virginia Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, prinus) clearly dominate the deciduous forest. Q. prinus continues to increase in class composition to the higher elevations. Riparian species such as Platanus occidentalis are still found along major perennial streams, and Liriodendrontulipifera is increasingly restricted to concave landforms as RPI class increases. The diversity of overstory hardwoods also increases (note the increase in percent composition of Mixed Central Hardwoods) to include Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia. | 216 |
| 87 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Throughout the higher elevations of Virginia Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, prinus) clearly dominate the deciduous forest. Q. prinus continues to increase in class composition to the higher elevations. Riparian species such as Platanus occidentalis are still found along major perennial streams, and Liriodendrontulipifera is increasingly restricted to concave landforms as RPI class increases. The diversity of overstory hardwoods also increases (note the increase in percent composition of Mixed Central Hardwoods) to include Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia. | 217 |
| 88 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Throughout the higher elevations of Virginia Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, prinus) clearly dominate the deciduous forest. Q. prinus continues to increase in class composition to the higher elevations. Riparian species such as Platanus occidentalis are still found along major perennial streams, and Liriodendrontulipifera is increasingly restricted to concave landforms as RPI class increases. The diversity of overstory hardwoods also increases (note the increase in percent composition of Mixed Central Hardwoods) to include Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia. | 218 |
| 89 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Throughout the higher elevations of Virginia Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, prinus) clearly dominate the deciduous forest. Q. prinus continues to increase in class composition to the higher elevations. Riparian species such as Platanus occidentalis are still found along major perennial streams, and Liriodendrontulipifera is increasingly restricted to concave landforms as RPI class increases. The diversity of overstory hardwoods also increases (note the increase in percent composition of Mixed Central Hardwoods) to include Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia. | 219 |
| 90 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Throughout the higher elevations of Virginia Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, prinus) clearly dominate the deciduous forest. Q. prinus continues to increase in class composition to the higher elevations. Riparian species such as Platanus occidentalis are still found along major perennial streams, and Liriodendrontulipifera is increasingly restricted to concave landforms as RPI class increases. The diversity of overstory hardwoods also increases (note the increase in percent composition of Mixed Central Hardwoods) to include Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia. | 220 |
| 91 | Virginia Deciduous Forest Complex | Throughout the higher elevations of Virginia Quercus spp. (alba, rubra, prinus) clearly dominate the deciduous forest. Q. prinus continues to increase in class composition to the higher elevations. Riparian species such as Platanus occidentalis are still found along major perennial streams, and Liriodendrontulipifera is increasingly restricted to concave landforms as RPI class increases. The diversity of overstory hardwoods also increases (note the increase in percent composition of Mixed Central Hardwoods) to include Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia. | 231 |
| 99 | Mixed Class/Unknown | Unknown or mixed classification. | 99 |